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Wednesday, September 22, 2010

Origins of the Swiss Army Knife









A red handle, a small white cross, a blade or two, and fold-out tools for the job -- a Swiss Army Knife is an icon of utility and smart design recognizable the world over. Invented in the 1880s, and today still made exclusively in only two factories in Switzerland, the pocket knives are produced in dozens of varieties at a tune of more than 15 million per year.
This summer, on a trip to Europe, I toured Swiss Army Knife factories in Ibach and Delemont, the idyll Swiss towns where pocket knives have been made for more than 100 years. Amid the pounding of machines and the bins of knife implements on the factory floor, workers assembled knife after knife to meet the world's demand.
Victorinox HQ 
(old)
(Old Victorinox HQ)
It was in Ibach, in 1884, where Karl Elsener and his mother, Victoria, opened a cutlery cooperative that would soon produce the first knives sold to the Swiss Army. The original model, called the Soldier Knife, was made for troops who needed a foldable tool that could open canned food and aid in disassembling a rifle. The Soldier Knife included a blade, a reamer, a can opener, a screwdriver, and oak handles.
  Today, similar simple pocket knives roll continuously off the line at Victorinox A.G., the company that grew out of Elsener's small cooperative decades back. Blades, corkscrews, files, punches, can openers, scissors, saws, and tiny toothpicks are long-time features.
In Switzerland, I traveled by train from city to city. Across the country, in the†French-speaking region of†Jura, I toured Wenger†S.A., the other half of the Swiss Army coin.
The Delemont company, founded as a cutler in the 19th century and later modernized by businessman Theodore Wenger, shares the Swiss Army knife trademark with Victorinox. Both companies' knives have a similar history, and both have been purchased in bulk quantities by the Swiss Army since the 1890s.
Other Victorinox knives include 21st-century touches like laser pointers, USB storage drives, and fingerprint scanners with data encryption built in. All the implements, from blades to data drives, are foldable or set on springs to disappear when not in use.Swiss Army Officers 
Knife from 1897
Like Victorinox, the Wenger Swiss Army Knives come in dozens of types. The company sells simple pocket knives on up to multitools like the Mike Horn Knife, a half-pound beast with two blades and a pliers. Its EvoGrip line has added ergonomic contours to knife handles. In 2006, Wenger introduced the Giant, a gargantuan, nine-inch-wide "pocket knife" with 85 implements that sells as a collector's item for $1,400.
Wenger and Victorinox are distinct companies. But both are owned by the Elsener family, with the great-grandchildren of Karl Elsener still overseeing production and managing a business that employs thousands of Swiss workers.
In Ibach, after a tour of a factory where up to 28,000 Swiss Army Knives are made every day, I sat down with Charles Elsener, one of the great-grandchildren of the company's founder. He pulled a couple knives from his pocket and started snapping blades and implements out for show.Victorinox HQ 
(new)
(New Victornix HQ)
Charles Elsener talked about the hidden springs on which the blades and screwdrivers snap open and closed. It was a type of this spring mechanism, invented in the original Ibach cutlery, that made Swiss Army Knives stand out 100 years back.
At my meeting this summer, Charles Elsener spoke about new implements, test products, and the science of metallurgy for making a perfect blade. From the factory below, I could hear the machines beat. It's been 126 years in Ibach. The Swiss Army Knife machine continues to crank on.



--Stephen Regenold is founder and editor of www.gearjunkie.com.








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Wenger Evolution S14 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger Evolution S14 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-20
5 Day Production
44.98 - 64.78 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger Evolution S17 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger Evolution S17 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-21
5 Day Production
49.98 - 71.98 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger Evolution S18 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger Evolution S18 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-22
5 Day Production
52.98 - 76.30 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger Evolution S52 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger Evolution S52 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-23
5 Day Production
68.98 - 99.34 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger Evolution S585 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger Evolution S585 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-24
5 Day Production
68.98 - 99.34 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
WengerEvolution S557 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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WengerEvolution S557 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-25
5 Day Production
73.98 - 106.54 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger EvoGrip 10 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger EvoGrip 10 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-26
5 Day Production
37.48 - 53.98 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger EvoGrip 16 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger EvoGrip 16 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-27
5 Day Production
52.98 - 76.30 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger EvoGrip 18 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger EvoGrip 18 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-28
5 Day Production
56.98 - 82.06 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger EvoGrip S54 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger EvoGrip S54 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-29
5 Day Production
142.98 - 205.90 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger EvoGrip S557 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger EvoGrip S557 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-30
5 Day Production
82.98 - 119.50 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger EvoGrip 81 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger EvoGrip 81 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-31
5 Day Production
26.98 - 38.86 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger EvoGrip Clipper Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger EvoGrip Clipper Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-33
5 Day Production
34.98 - 50.38 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger S/S Clipper Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger S/S Clipper Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-34
5 Day Production
56.98 - 82.06 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger S/S Clipper AT Gen Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger S/S Clipper AT Gen Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-35
5 Day Production
56.98 - 82.06 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger Evolution 88 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger Evolution 88 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-36
5 Day Production
36.48 - 52.54 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger Evolution 10 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger Evolution 10 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-37
5 Day Production
28.38 - 40.88 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger Evolution 16 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger Evolution 16 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-38
5 Day Production
43.98 - 63.34 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger Evolution 18 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger Evolution 18 Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-39
5 Day Production
49.98 - 71.98 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger Apprentice Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger Apprentice Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-42
5 Day Production
19.98 - 28.78 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger Commander Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger Commander Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-43
5 Day Production
21.48 - 30.94 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger Canyon Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger Canyon Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-44
5 Day Production
28.38 - 40.88 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger Teton Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger Teton Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-45
5 Day Production
38.98 - 56.14 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger Serrated Highlander Gen Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger Serrated Highlander Gen Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-46
5 Day Production
22.98 - 33.10 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger S/S Esquire Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger S/S Esquire Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-47
5 Day Production
44.98 - 64.78 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger S/S Pocket Tool Chest Gen Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger S/S Pocket Tool Chest Gen Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-48
5 Day Production
59.98 - 86.38 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger S/S Traveler Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger S/S Traveler Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-49
5 Day Production
64.98 - 93.58 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger Handyman Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger Handyman Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-52
5 Day Production
45.98 - 66.22 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger Tool Chest Plus Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger Tool Chest Plus Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-53
5 Day Production
124.98 - 179.98 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10
Wenger Serrated Master Genuine Swiss Army Knife
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Wenger Serrated Master Genuine Swiss Army Knife
# 9351-54
5 Day Production
69.98 - 100.78 (USD)  |  Min. Qty: 10

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